Synthesis page

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See the list of common storebought chemicals, alot of theese chems are used in synthesises below.


Organic: Name Chemical formula Short description  *  **
Acetamide CH3CONH2 Ethylacetate, ammonia, r.t. 2 2
Acetamide CH3CONH2 (NH4)2CO3, glacial acetic acid, >100oC 1 2
Acetone (CH3)2CO Pyrolysis of calcium acetate 1 1
Acetone (CH3)2CO Oxidation of isopropanol by Na2Cr2O4/H2SO4 1 2
Benzamide C6H5CONH2 Methyl benzoate, NH3(50% methanol), RT 2 2
Benzoic acid C6H5COOH Oxidation of toluene by KMnO4(aq) 1 2
Dextrine (C6H10O5)n Starch, 200oC 0 0
Diethyl ether (CH3CH2)2O Ethanol, H2SO4 2 2
Dimethyl oxalate (COOCH3)2 Oxalic acid, methanol, H2SO4 1 1
1,4-dioxane C4H8O2 Ethylene glycol, H2SO4, heat 1 2
Ethyl acetate CH3COOCH2CH3 Ethanol, acetic acid, H2SO4 1 2
Ethyl acetate CH3COOCH2CH3 Purification of nail polish 0 0
Glycerol CH2OHCHOHCH2OH Transesterification of fat 1 1
Ethyl benzoate C6H5COOCH2CH3 Benzoic acid, ethanol, H2SO4 1 2
m-nitrobenzoic acid O2NC6H4COOH Benzoic acid, HNO3/H2SO4 1 1
1-nitronaphthalene (gotta find good pocedure) C10H7NO2 Naphthalene, HNO3/H2SO4 1 1
o- & p-nitrotoluene O2NC6H4CH3 Toluene, HNO3/H2SO4 1 2
Formaldehyde CH2O Oxidation of methanol by air over heated copper 2 2
Formic acid HCOOH Oxalic acid, glycerin, 100oC 1 2
Furfural C4H3OCHO Corn cobs, 10% H2SO4 1 2
Hexamine C6H12N4 Formaldehyde, ammonia (as solutions) 1 1
Iodoform CHI3 Acetone, iodine, NaOH 1 1
Lactose C12H22O11 Extraction from milk 0 0
Methyl benzoate C6H5COOCH3 Benzoic acid, methanol, H2SO4 1 2
Monopotassium salt of saccaric acid HOOC-(CHOH)4-COOK Oxidation of glucose by 25% HNO3 2 0
Oxalic acid (COOH)2 Oxidation of sucrose by 70% HNO3 2 0

Nonorganic: Name Chemical formula Short description  *  **
Ammonia gas NH3 Displacing from ammonium salts and ammonia solutions 2 2
Basic copper carbonate (malachite) CuCO3*Cu(OH)2 Copper salt, a carbonate 0 0
Chlorine Cl2 Oxidation of HCl 3 2
Hydrogen H2 Al/NaOH; electrolytical 1 1
Iodine (oxidation from KI) I2 Oxidation of KI 1 1
Iron(III)oxide Fe2O3 Chemical/elecrolytical oxidation of iron 1 0
Nitric acid HNO3 H2SO4, KNO3 2 2
Potassium chlorate KClO3 Disproportionation of chlorine 1 3
Potassium chlorate KClO3 Electrolytical oxidation of NaCl 2 2
Potassium chlorate KClO3 Thermal decomposition of hypochlorite 1 0
Potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7 Fusion of Cr2O3, KNO3 and NaOH 1 0
Potassium nitrate KNO3 Extraction from fertilizer 0 0
Silica gel (SiO2)n Liquid glass, HCl 0 0
Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 Na2CO3, CO2 0 0
Sodium hypochlorite NaClO As solution and hydrate; NaOH, Cl2 3 2
Sodium sulfate Na2SO4 Na2CO3, CaSO4*1/2H2O 0 0
Sulfuric acid H2SO4 "Project" 2 0
Tetraammine copper(II) sulfate [Cu(NH3)4]SO4 CuSO4, NH3(aq) 0 0

*Relative dangerousity level of given experiments **Relative cost of the required equipement/chems
3 Dangerous 3 Requires buttloads of money (relatively)
2 Fairly dangerous 2 Moderately expensive
1 Moderate 1 Requires a little money
0 Harmless (relatively) 0 Ass cheap



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